FEATURES OF JAVA


 Simple 
 Object-Oriented 
 Portable 
 Platform independent 
 Secured 
 Robust 
 Architecture neutral 
 Interpreted 
 High Performance 
 Multithreaded 
 Distributed 
 Dynamic 


 Simple 

  •  Java is very easy to learn, and its syntax is simple, clean and easy to understand.
    According to Sun, Java language is a simple programming language because: 
  •  Java syntax is based on C++ (so easier for programmers to learn it after C++).
  • Java has removed many complicated and rarely-used features, for example, explicit
    pointers, operator overloading, etc.
  • There is no need to remove unreferenced objects because there is an Automatic
    Garbage Collection in Java. 
 Object-Oriented 
  •  Java belongs to the category of object-oriented programming languages. Everything in Java is an object. Object oriented means we organize our software as a combination of different types of objects
    that incorporates both data and behavior. 
  • Object-oriented programming (OOP) is an approach that streamlines software development and upkeep through the establishment of specific guidelines.
  •  Basic concepts of OOPs are:
  1.    Object
  2.    Class 
  3.    Inheritance 
  4.    Polymorphism 
  5.    Abstraction  
  6.    Encapsulation 
 Platform independent 
  • Java is platform independent because it is different from other languages like C, C++, etc.
    which are compiled into platform specific machines while Java is a write once, run
    anywhere language. A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a
    program runs.
  • There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java provides a
    software-based platform. 
  •  The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it is a software-based
    platform that runs on the top of other hardware-based platforms. It has two components:  
  1. Runtime Environment
  2.  API(Application Programming Interface)
  • Java code can be run on multiple platforms, for example, Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris,Mac/OS, etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted into bytecode. This
    bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be run on multiple platforms, i.e.,
    Write Once and Run Anywhere(WORA).
     
 Secured 
  • Java's security is its strongest suit. We can create virus-free systems using Java. Java is secure as a result of
  • not a direct pointer
  • Java programs are executed within a sandboxed virtual computer.
  • Java's classloader, which is a component of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), is used to dynamically load Java classes into the Java Virtual Machine. By isolating the package for local file system classes from those that are imported from network sources, it increases security.
  • Bytecode Verifier: This program scans code fragments for unauthorized code that might infringe on object access rights.
  • Security Manager: It establishes which resources, such as reading and writing to the local disk, a class is permitted access to.
  • These security features are included by default with Java. Security measures can also
 Portable 
  • Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any platform. It
    doesn't require any implementation.
 Robust 
  •  Robust simply means strong. Java is robust because:
  • It uses strong memory management.
  • There is a lack of pointers that avoids security problems. 
  • There is automatic garbage collection in java which runs on the Java Virtual Machine to get
    rid of objects which are not being used by a Java application anymore. 
  • There are exception handling and the type checking mechanism in Java. All these points
    make Java robust. 
 Architecture neutral 
  • Java is architecture neutral because there are no implementation dependent features, for
    example, the size of primitive types is fixed.
  • In C programming, int data type occupies 2 bytes of memory for 32-bit architecture and 4
    bytes of memory for 64-bit architecture. However, it occupies 4 bytes of memory for both
    32 and 64-bit architectures in Java.

 Interpreted 
  • The Compiler of java called as javac converts source code into a Intermediate file known as Bytecode file. The Bytecode file is unique for all types of OS means bytecode is platform independent
  • The Interpreter of java (java) converts Bytecode into the specific OS compatible machine code . This code will vary according to OS.
 High Performance 
  • Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming languages because Java
    bytecode is "close" to native code. It is still a little bit slower than a compiled language (e.g.
    C++). Java is an interpreted language that is why it is slower than compiled languages, e.g., C, C++,
    etc.
 Multithreaded 
  • A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently.By defining multiple threads, Java allows us to create programs that can handle multiple tasks simultaneously. The main advantage of multi�threading is that it doesn't occupy memory for each thread. It utilizes a shared memory area and underscores the significance of threads in various contexts such as multimedia and web applications.
 Distributed 
  • Java is considered a distributed programming language because it empowers users to develop distributed applications using Java.RMI
    and EJB are used for creating distributed applications. This feature of Java makes us able to
    access files by calling the methods from any machine on the internet. 
 Dynamic 
  • Java is a dynamic language. It facilitates the dynamic loading of classes. It means classes are
    loaded on demand. It also supports functions from its native languages, i.e., C and C++.
  • Java supports dynamic compilation and automatic memory management (garbage
    collection).